基于地图计算的流域水文过程模拟——以太湖流域上游西苕溪流域为例

本实验的目的是提取和纯化铜绿微囊藻(Microcystic aeruginosa var．major)胞外带酸性基团的多糖，为综合利用爆 发的水华提供一定的理论依据．采用 pH 8．0、80℃的热水抽提铜绿微囊藻的胞外多糖．经充分脱蛋白、脱色后用 DEAE- 纤维素(DE-52)作离子交换柱层析，分离出其中不被 DE-52吸附和被吸附的两种组分．取后者上 sephadexG-150柱进 一步分离得到两种分子量不同的酸性多糖(EAPS Ⅰ和 EAPSⅡ)，质量比为1．92∶1，经 HPLC 测定 EAPS Ⅰ均分子量为7．01 ×10~4D，EAPSⅡ均分子量为4．21×10~4D．经测定，它们各带有不同含量的酸性基团：EAPS Ⅰ糖醛酸含量为10．74%， SO_4~(2-)含量为44．44μg/mg，EAPSⅡ糖醛酸含量为7．08%，SO_4~(2-)含量为9．08μg/mg．EAPSⅠ单糖组成为：9．6549%D( ) 木糖，19．2522% D-果糖，71．0930%葡萄糖；EAPSⅡ单糖组成为：6．4065%D( )木糖，18．0016%D-果糖，75．5919%葡萄糖．

Hydrological Modeling Based on Cartographical Modeling:A Case Study on the Xltiaoxl Watershed, Upper Reaches of Taihu Basin

Based on cartographical modeling and water routing between grids using PCRaster dynamic environmental modeling lan-guage, a hydrological model was developed taking Xitiaoxi as a test watershed. Water routings were divided into four type:slope, channel, polder and reservoir. Slope and channel routings were simulated by kinetic wave equations with Manning formula; accordant junction process of polder was simulated by pump stations' locations; and accordant junction process of reservoir were simulated by operating curve of reservoirs. The connection of accordant junction types were carried through on grid cells according to adjacent relations. Compared with monitoring results, calculated results had a high resolution. The model can be used to model materials transform, water pollution, human activities impacts etc. just overly mateiial output in the hydrological model.