不同饵料对两种帘蛤科贝类生长性能的影响研究

为探讨不同饵料对青蛤(Cyclina sinensis)与文蛤(Meretrix meretrix)生长和存活的影响,本实验选用紫菜(Pyropia)、浒苔(Enteromorpha prolifera)、海带(Laminaria japonica)、小球藻(Chlorella vulgaris)和人工配合饲料5种饵料,采用单一饵料投喂方式进行饲养.结果表明:小球藻组中特定生长率、存活率及饲料转换率与各饵料组均有显著性差异(P<0.05),青蛤的增质量率显著低于紫菜组、海带组及人工配合饲料组(P>0.05).在人工配合饲料组中青蛤与文蛤的特定生长率与各饵料组均有显著性差异(P<0.05),青蛤的增质量率与各饵料组无显著性差异(P>0.05),文蛤的增质量率显著高于紫菜组、浒苔组及人工配合饲料组(P<0.05).在3组大型藻中,海带组中青蛤的特定生长率为0.07％,增质量率为4.59％,饵料转换率为7.09％,存活率为74％;文蛤的特定生长率0.13％,增质量率为8.36％,饵料转换率为1.41％,存活率为55.6％.综上,小球藻和人工配合饲料有利于青蛤和文蛤的生长,在3组大型藻中,投喂海带有利于文蛤和青蛤的生长和存活.

Effects of distinct feed categories on the growth performance of two Venerdia species

The experiment was conducted to study the effects of different feeds on the growth performance and survival rates of two Venerdia species, i.e., Cyclina sinensis and Meretrix meretrix. Five distinct groups of food-laver, Enteromorpha, kelp, Chlorella, and artificial compound feed-were selected for the evaluation. The Chlorella feed group demonstrated a significantly higher growth performance in terms of specific growth rate, weight growth rate, food conversion efficiency, and survival rate in comparison with other food groups (P<0.05), whereas the wet weight growth rate of C. sinensis was significantly lower than that of the laver group, kelp group, and artificial compound feed group (P>0.05). Although the special growth rates of C. sinensis and M. meretrix were significantly lower (P<0.05) for the artificial compound feed group, the weight growth rate of M. meretrix was significantly higher (P<0.05) than the weight growth rate of C. sinensis (P>0.05). Among the three large algae, C. sinensis displayed a specific growth rate of 0.07%, a weight growth rate of 4.59%, a food conversion rate of 7.09%, and a survival rate of 74% when fed with the kelp food group. On the other hand, the specific growth rate of M. meretrix was 0.13%, the weight growth rate was 8.36%, the food conversion rate was 1.41%, and the survival rate was 55.6%. Based on the results, C. vulgaris demonstrated the best effect for the optimal growth and development of M. meretrix and C. sinensis, along with the artificial compound feed, which also demonstrated a remarkable outcome. Among the three species of large algae, kelp is the most suitable feed for clams, whereas Enteromorpha and Porphyra were not conducive to the growth of clams.