刺参肠道微生物组成分析及产酶、溶血性试验

对野生和人工养殖刺参的肠壁及内容物中的菌群数量、种类组成进行了研究;并结合产酶试验和溶血性试验,对刺参肠道益生菌做了初步的体外筛选。结果表明,野生刺参肠壁及内容物中的细菌数量分别为(3.30±0.41)×107 cfu/g、(6.39±0.32)×107 cfu/g,养殖刺参肠壁及内容物中的细菌数量分别为(2.83±0.31)×107 cfu/g、(5.67±0.53)×107 cfu/g。野生刺参肠道优势菌为弧菌属(Vibrio),次优势菌为假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)和希瓦氏菌属(Shewanella);养殖刺参肠道优势菌为弧菌属(Vibrio),次优势菌为假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)。在224株细菌中,共有160株细菌具有产酶能力,所占比例为71.43%,其中具产蛋白酶、淀粉酶、脂肪酶能力菌株分别为114株、114株、108株,所占比例分别为50.89%、50.89%、48.21%。99株细菌中有23株具有溶血性,所占比例为23.23%。综合分析实验数据,确定6株细菌作为刺参肠道潜在益生菌,菌株代号分别为HS1(Pseudomonas)、HS5(Bacillus)、HS7(Shewanella)、HS8(Vibrio)、HS10(Vibrio)、HS11(Vibrio)。

Microflora in digestive tract of Apostichopus japonicus and enzyme producing and hemolytic analysis

Microflora in the intestinal tract and on the intestinal wall of both cultured and wild Apostichopus japonicus was studied in this paper. The screening for probiotics was performed based on enzyme producing and hemolytic analysis. The results showed that the number of bacteria in the intestinal wall and tract of wild Apostichopus japonicus was (3.30 ± 0.41) ×10⁷ cfu/g and (6.39 ± 0.32) ×10⁷ cfu/g, respectively. The number of bacteria in the intestinal wall and tract of cultured group was (2.83 ± 0.31) ×10⁷ cfu/g and (5.67 ± 0.53) ×10⁷ cfu/g, respectively. The dominant species in the intestinal tract of wild group was Vibrio and the Pseudomonas and Shewanella were the secondary dominant species. The dominant species in the cultured group was Vibrio and Pseudomonas. In 224 strains of bacteria, a total of 160 strains of bacteria produced enzyme with a ratio of 71.43 %. Among these bacteria, 114 strains could produce protease, 114 strains could produce amylase, and 108 strains could produce lipase. The percentages were 50.89 %, 50.89 %, and 48.21 %, respectively. A total of 23 strains of bacteria could produce hemolytic toxin in 99 strains of bacteria, which accounts for 23.23% of the total bacterial population. Through the comprehensive analysis of test data, we selected 6 strains of bacteria as intestinal potential probiotic strains of Apostichopus japonicus, which were HS1(Pseudomonas), HS5(Bacillus), HS7(Shewanella), HS8(Vibrio), HS10(Vibrio), and HS11(Vibrio) respectively.