洋面加热场和高空波动之间位相差的某些经验关系

本文研究洋面加热场同500毫巴槽脊发展之间的关系。洋面加热专指乱流感热交换和潜热交换,根据经验公式算得的。文中前一部分从所选的12次冬季天气过程,探讨加热和槽脊发展之间的经验事实,后一部分选例分析高空槽在加强时和衰退时,加热对厚度变化和涡度变化的作用。分析结果得: (1)当洋面加热最大中心在槽前(相对于槽线而言),槽一般趋于加强,在槽后槽趋于减弱;这种趋势以加热在槽线前后5—10经距处的次数最多,同时槽的移速同加热也有一些关系。 (2)加热极值中心同脊的强度变化,还不能确定出什么关系。 (3)加热在厚度变化中有贡献,加热在槽前,负变厚中心有向槽后偏移的倾向;加热在槽后,负变厚中心有移向槽前的倾向。 (4)加热在槽前有利于槽前产生涡度,加热在槽后有利于槽后耗损涡度。

SOME EMPIRICAL RELATIONS OF THE PHASE DIFFERENCEBETWEEN THE FIELD OF HEAT SUPPLIED BY THEOCEAN AND THE ATMOSPHERIC LARGESCALE DISTURBANCES

The effect of heat supplied by the ocean on the development of large scale disturbances is investigated. With the aid of two empirical formulas, the heating due to seasurface evaporation and the turbulent exchange of heat with the ocean surface for 12 selected cases of weather process in winter is computed. These cases include 11 processes(about 60 days) over the North Pacific Ocean and one process over the North Atlantic Ocean. In the first part of this paper, the relation of the phase difference between the heating field and the large scale disturbances to the development of the disturbance is investigated. In Section 5 & 6, the contributions of the heating on the 500-1000 MB thickness tendency and on the change of the 500 MB vorticity is analyzed in some selected cases.