意义概念的三个模型

弗雷格首先把意义概念引入分析哲学,其真正目的是坚持思想有公认的确定的正确与错误之分,为思想的客观分析提供基础,但其借助的意义即思想的实体化却有违于这个初衷。直接经验论者从直接经验论立场出发,企图在经验世界中找意义,最后走向否定意义本身,分析哲学由此遭到重创。从语言、思想、世界的关系的高度,把弗雷格的意义理论、观念论、用法论的合理精神结合起来,构建了语境—思想意义模型,认为语言的意义既是主观的东西,同时又具有特殊的客观性:由公共客观的语境决定的确定性。语言的意义就是特定语境中的语言所表达的人们的思想。

Three Models of the Concept of Meaning

Gottlob Frege first introduces the concept of meaning into analytic philosophy to maintain that the truth or falsity of a thought can be acknowledged and determinde and a thought can be analysed objectively.However the thought which is considened as objective noumenon does harm to the original intention.Taking the stand of empiricism,the direct-empiricists attempted to find meaning in the experiential world.But the meaning itself was negated eventually and this inflicted a heavyblow on analytic philosophy.From the point of relation among language,thought and the world,this article combines the sound spirits of Frege's theory of meaning with ideational theory of meaning and pragmatic theory of meaning,and constructs the model of context-thought theory of meaning showing that meaning is both subjective and objective.Meaning is subjective because it is determined by the common and objective context.So the meaning of language is the thought where the language is used by people under specific context.