Surface Deformation and Seismic Rebound: Implications and Applications |
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Authors: | Chieh-Hung Chen Ta-Kang Yeh Jann-Yenq Liu Chung-Ho Wang Strong Wen Horng-Yuan Yen Shu-Hao Chang |
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Institution: | (1) Institute of Earth Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan;(2) Institute of Geomatics and Disaster Prevention Technology, Ching Yun University, Jhongli, 320, Taiwan;(3) Institute of Space Science, National Central University, Jhongli, 320, Taiwan;(4) Center for Space and Remote Sensing Research, National Central University, Jhongli, 320, Taiwan;(5) Institute of Seismology, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, 621, Taiwan;(6) Institute of Geophysics, National Central University, Jhongli, 320, Taiwan; |
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Abstract: | An earthquake process includes pre-seismic stress accumulation, co-seismic rock rupture and post-seismic elastic and/or viscoelastic
rebound. Although co-seismic and post-seismic deformations have been readily observed using the global positioning system
(GPS), detecting pre-seismic stress accumulation hidden in time-series data remains challenging. This study applies the Hilbert–Huang
transform to extract non-linear and non-stationary pre-earthquake deformation data from GPS records for central Taiwan. By
converting the derived surface deformation into horizontal azimuths, the randomly oriented GPS-azimuths are reoriented in
a similar direction several days before and after earthquakes due to loading and rebound stress, respectively. Analytical
results demonstrate that the stress accumulation and release along the entire course of an earthquake process provide significant
evidence supporting the seismic rebound theory. This finding would be applicable to areas with dense GPS networks and active
plate interactions. Surface deformations detected by the proposed analytical technique have encouraging potential for mitigating
future seismic hazards. |
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