喀斯特生态系统服务价值评价 ——以贵州花江示范区为例

采用频度法对喀斯特生态系统服务类型及指标进行分析，结合中国南方喀斯特环境特征、生态功能区位等因素，构建了石漠化生态系统服务价值评估指标体系；并以贵州花江示范区为例，基于实测和调查数据，采用物质量和价值量相结合的方法对其2010年生态系统服务价值进行评估。结果表明：示范区生态系统服务价值为19 604.71万元。其中，固碳制氧价值11 181.25万元、土壤肥力价值3 051.56万元、产品供给价值为2 850.40万元、涵养水源价值2 521.13万元、土壤保持价值为0.37万元。示范区生态系统服务价值以间接价值为主，占85.5%，直接价值仅占14.5%；生态功能价值主要依靠灌丛、经济林、耕地和疏林生态系统提供，裸岩荒坡尽管是研究区的优势景观，但提供服务价值较低。

Evaluation of Karst Ecosystem Service Value:A Case Study of Huajiang Gorge of Guizhou Province

This paper using frequency method, elaborates analysis on evaluation index system of karst ecosystem service value. Taking Huajiang Gorge of Guizhou Province as example, we have constructed the evaluation index system of rocky desertification ecosystem service value which is sourced from environment characteristics, ecological function location and other factors. And on the basis of actual survey data, we have used the physical and value assessment methods to evaluate ecosystem service value of Huajiang gorge in 2010. The results show that: The overall ecological service value of the demonstration area was 196 047.1×10³ Yuan, consisting of 111 812.5×10³ Yuan of CO₂ solidification and O₂ release value, 30 515.6×10³ Yuan of soil fertility value, 28 504×10³ Yuan of product supply value, 25 211.3×10³ Yuan of water conservation value, and 3.7×10³ Yuan of soil conservation value. The indirect values contributed the most to the overall value of ecosystem services, which accounted for 85.5% of the total, while the direct values accounted for only 14.5%. Ecological function value was mainly provided by shrub, economic forest, farmland and woodland ecosystems, and the bare rock slopes showed low service value, though they were the dominated landscapes in the study area.