环境管制对广东省污染产业转移的影响

以广东省为研究对象，首先分析其2000―2010年污染产业转移的变化特征，发现从2006年开始出现由珠三角向非珠三角地区转移的趋势，其中粤北山区接受转移最多，转移趋势明显的行业包括采掘业、非金属制品业，而水电煤气供应业、有色金属行业有轻微的转移趋势。然后采用面板数据模型进行实证研究，以单位工业总产值的SO2排放量为环境管制因子，结果发现总污染产业、采掘业、非金属制品业、水电煤气供应业等产业转移与宽松的环境管制相关。环境管制对广东省污染产业转移起重要作用，中国地方政府强制性的“命令―控制式”的环境管制手段对产业转移的影响大。

Impact of Environmental Regulation on the Migration of Pollution-Intensive Industries in Guangdong Province

In this article, through analyzing the statistic data during 2000-2010 in Guangdong Province, located in south-east China, the characteristics of the migration of pollution-intensive industries are investigated. It is found that the pollution-intensive industries are relocated from the PRD area to the non-PRD area, those industries including nonmetallic industrial enterprises, extractive industries, production and supply of electric power, gas and water, have dramatically migrated. It means that the provincial pollution-intensive industries migration have existed in Guangdong Province. Then, Panel Data model is further used to find out whether environmental regulation is related to the migration of pollution industries. The results show the mechanism of industries migration is affected by environmental regulation. The strictness of environment regulation drives the pollution enterprises in Pearl Delta to move away, while the laxer environment regulation in non-Pearl River Delta has effect on the spatial distributions of pollution industries. China’s energy saving policy and emission reduction policy which includes the sulfur dioxide emission reduction targets do work for the heavily air-polluting industries, such as nonmetallic industries production and supply of electric power, gas and water. Environmental regulation has been an important industrial policy, because the local governments hope to develop the local industries with the help of environmental regulations by the method of control and command.