Mapping of a major paleodrainage system in eastern Libya using orbital imaging radar: The Kufrah River |
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| Authors: | Philippe Paillou Mathieu Schuster Stephen Tooth Tom Farr Ake Rosenqvist Sylvia Lopez Jean-Marie Malezieux |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, IGCE, Departamento de Geologia Aplicada, Av. 24-A, 1515, Rio Claro, SP 13506-900, Brazil;2. Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, UFTM, Departamento de Geografia, Av. Frei Paulino, 30, Uberaba, MG 38025-180, Brazil;3. Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, IGCE, Programa Pós-Graduação Geociências e Meio Ambiente, Av. 24-A, 1515, Rio Claro, SP 13506-900, Brazil;4. Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Kentucky, 106 Slone Building, Lexington, KY 40506, United States;1. Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Birkbeck, Malet Street, London WC1E7HX, UK;2. 16a Park Road, Bridport DT6 5DA, UK;3. Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Vautierstraat 29, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium;1. Key Laboratory of Aerospace Thermophysics, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin 150001, China;2. College of Metallurgy and Energy, North China University of Science and Technology, 21 Bohai Street, Tangshan 063009, China |
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| Abstract: | Over the last few decades, remote sensing has revealed buried river channels in a number of regions worldwide, in many cases providing evidence of dramatic paleoenvironmental changes over Cenozoic time scales. Using orbital radar satellite imagery, we mapped a major paleodrainage system in eastern Libya, that could have linked the Kufrah Basin to the Mediterranean coast through the Sirt Basin, possibly as far back as the middle Miocene. Synthetic Aperture Radar images from the PALSAR sensor clearly reveal a 900 km-long river system, which starts with three main tributaries (north-eastern Tibesti, northern Uweinat and western Gilf Kebir/Abu Ras) that connect in the Kufrah oasis region. The river system then flows north through the Jebel Dalmah, and forms a large alluvial fan in the Sarir Dalmah. The sand dunes of the Calanscio Sand Sea prevent deep orbital radar penetration and preclude detailed reconstruction of any possible connection to the Mediterranean Sea, but a 300 km-long link to the Gulf of Sirt through the Wadi Sahabi paleochannel is likely. If this connection is confirmed, and its Miocene antiquity is established, then the Kufrah River, comparable in length to the Egyptian Nile, will have important implications for the understanding of the past environments and climates of northern Africa from the middle Miocene to the Holocene. |
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