国内外自然资源监测与观测网络建设现状及经验启示

自然资源是人类生存、社会发展和经济建设的物质基础，监测与观测地球系统各圈层及山水林田湖草沙冰等要素对自然资源管理决策和地球系统科学研究具有十分重要的科学和现实意义。梳理了美国、英国、德国、法国、澳大利亚等国家自然资源相关网络的建设思路及站点部署、监测与观测内容指标、技术方法、新型装备等，总结国际经验与启示，即注重地球系统科学框架下的系统监测与综合观测，提升标准化长期连续监测与观测能力，加强天-空-地立体化协同式监测与观测。分析中国自然资源相关监测网络的发展现状和存在不足，提出建设国家自然资源监测网络的初步构想，以期为中国自然资源监测体系建设提供参考与借鉴。

Status and enlightenment of natural resources monitoring and observation network construction in China and aboard

Natural resources are the material basis of human survival, social development and economic construction.Monitoring and observing the various spheres of the earth system and its components such as mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grass, sand and ice are of great scientific and practical significance for natural resource management decision-making and earth system scientific research.This paper summarizos the construction ideas, site deployment, monitoring and observation content indicators, technical methods and new equipment of natural resource related networks in the United States, England, Germany, France, Australia and other countries, and summarizes international experience and enlightenment, that is, pay attention to comprehensive monitoring and observation under the framework of earth system science, improve standardized long-term continuous monitoring and observation capabilities, and strengthen based on space-sky-ground collaborative monitoring and observation.This paper analyzes the development status and existing deficiencies of China's natural resource related monitoring network, and puts forward the preliminary idea of building a national natural resources monitoring network, in order to provide reference for the development of China's natural resource monitoring and observations.