1980—2018年银川市生态系统服务价值评价及驱动力分析

生态系统服务价值(Ecosystem service values,ESV)的准确评估及其驱动力分析,关乎区域生态安全和经济发展。基于1980—2018年银川市各区县的土地利用数据,结合变化率、动态度、敏感性和相关性核算了银川市的生态系统服务价值,并利用地理探测器分析了驱动因子。结果表明:1980—2018年不同生态服务类型总的ESV在减小,减少了0.753×10⁹元。绝大部分生态服务类型的生态系统服务价值变化幅度较小,水文调节的价值最高且变化显著。水资源供给的变化动态度最大,并且呈增长趋势;草地和水体生态系统服务价值的敏感性较强,水体与总的生态系统服务价值关联性最强。从分布来看,灵武市生态系统服务价值最高,金凤县最小。单因子主要驱动因子为国内生产总值(Gross domestic product,GDP)和数字高程模型(Digital elevation model,DEM),多因子交互驱动中GDP∩气温和GDP∩DEM对银川市ESV分布的贡献最大,银川市生态系统服务价值分布主要受人为因素和自然因素的交互作用影响。

Value evaluation and driving force analysis of ecosystem services in Yinchuan City from 1980 to 2018

Accurate ecosystem service value(ESV)evaluation and its driving force analysis relate to regional ecological security and economic development.Based on land-use data of various districts and counties in Yinchuan City,Ningxia Province,China from 1980 to 2018,combined with the change rate,dynamic attitude,sensitivity,and correlation,this study calculated the ESV in Yinchuan and applied GeoDetector to analyze the driving factors.The results show that from 1980 to 2018,the total ESV of different ecological services decreased by 0.755×10⁹ Yuan·km^-2.The change range of ESV of most ecological services is small,and the hydrological regulation value is the highest,and the change is significant.The dynamic attitude of water resources supply is the greatest,showing an increasing trend.The sensitivity of grassland and water ESV is strong,and the relationship between water and total ESV is the strongest.From the viewpoint of distribution,the ESV in Lingwu City is the highest and that in Jinfeng County is the smallest.The principal drivers of single-factors are GDP and DEM.In the multifactor interaction drive,GDP∩temperature and GDP∩DEM contribute most to the ESV distribution in Yinchuan.The distribution of ESV in Yinchuan is predominantly influenced by the interaction of human and natural factors.This study used high-resolution data and various evaluation indicators to account for the ESV of Yinchuan with long-term series in detail.The study evenly selected six time-nodes throughout the time series to highlight the meticulous features of ESV changes of Yinchuan.By exploring the factors changing the ESV,the interaction between the factors was quantified using GeoDetector,indicating that this tool is critical for the ecological environment.This study could provide reliable scientific reference and decision data for the ecological environmental protection and sustainable development of Yinchuan.