The laser ablation ion funnel: Sampling for in situ mass spectrometry on Mars |
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| Authors: | Paul V Johnson Robert Hodyss Keqi Tang William B Brinckerhoff Richard D Smith |
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| Institution: | 1. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA;2. Environmental Molecular Science Laboratory and Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA;3. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA;1. School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China;2. School of Physics, University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia;3. Research Center of Basic Space Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China;1. Université de Bretagne Occidentale, IUEM, Lemar UMR CNRS 6539, Place Copernic, F-29280 Plouzané, France;2. Ocean Sciences, School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GP, UK;3. RCMO-PROTEE Laboratory, University of Toulon and Var, BP 132, 83957 La Garde, France;4. Ifremer, Institut Carnot EDROME, REM/EEP BP 70, F-29280 Plouzané, France;1. Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea;2. Korea Basic Science Institute, Pusan 609-735, Korea;3. KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan;1. Infectious Diseases Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA;2. List Biologicals, Inc., 540 Division Street, Campbell, CA 95008, USA |
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| Abstract: | A considerable investment has been made by NASA and other space agencies to develop instrumentation suitable for in situ analytical investigation of extra terrestrial bodies including various mass spectrometers (time-of-flight, quadrupole ion trap, quadrupole mass filters, etc.). However, the front-end sample handling that is needed to collect and prepare samples for interrogation by such instrumentation remains underdeveloped. Here we describe a novel approach tailored to the exploration of Mars where ions are created in the ambient atmosphere via laser ablation and then efficiently transported into a mass spectrometer for in situ analysis using an electrodynamic ion funnel. This concept would enable elemental and isotopic analysis of geological samples with the analysis of desorbed organic material a possibility as well. Such an instrument would be suitable for inclusion on all potential missions currently being considered such as the Mid-Range Rover, the Astrobiology Field Laboratory, and Mars Sample Return (i.e., as a sample pre-selection triage instrument), among others. |
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