大型新生代断陷盆地的浅层地下水的脆弱性评价——以山西太原盆地为例

为开展山西太原盆地的地下水环境保护工作,在GIS平台上利用DRASTIC模型采用地下水位埋深、含水层净补给量、含水层介质、土壤介质、地形、包气带、水力传导系数7个指标评价了盆地浅层孔隙地下水的脆弱性.结果表明:太原市与介休市是盆地内地下水脆弱性最高的地区,同时也是山西省工农业最发达的地区.为解决工农业发展带来的高污染风险性与地下水环境脆弱性这一对明显的矛盾,应加强以上地区的地下水污染防治工作,在开展工作时应坚持"以预防为主,防、治结合"的原则.

Vulnerability of Shallow Groundwater of Large-Scale Cenozoic Faulted Basin:A Case Study at Taiyuan Basin, Shanxi Province, Northern China

Taiyuan Basin is a typical large-scale Cenozoic faulted basin in Shanxi Province, North China. During the later Cenozoic, the complex groundwater system in Quaternary sediments was formed in the basin under the control of geological evolution process. At present, the groundwater resource occurring in Quaternary sediments has become the most important water supply in the study area. However, the shallow Quaternary groundwater in the basin has been contaminated in different extent. To protect the groundwater environment, the vulnerability of shallow groundwater is evaluated using DRASTIC model based on the GIS platform, include groundwater depth, net recharge, aquifer material, soil type, topography, vadose zone and hydraulic conductivity. The results indicate that Taiyuan city and Jiexiu city are the areas with the highest vulnerability, which may be due to the fast development of their industries and agricultures. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the prevention and remediation of groundwater pollution to solve the contradiction between high pollution potential and extremely vulnerable groundwater environment. It is suggested that the prevention of groundwater from further pollution should be of primary significance and should be integrated with remediation.