Distributions of uronic acids and O-methyl sugars in sinking and sedimentary particles in two coastal marine environments |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Oceanography, Box 357940, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-7940 USA;3. Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland;4. Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology, CNRS and Université de Toulouse-Paul Sabatier, 31077 Toulouse, France;5. Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes Microorganismes, INRA/CNRS 441-2594, Castanet Tolosan, France;1. School of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA;2. Department of Geosciences, Williams College, Williamstown, MA 01267, USA;3. Department of Geosciences , University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA;1. Universidad Tecnológica de Panamá, Centro de Investigaciones Hidráulicas e Hidrotécnicas - (CIHH), Vía Domingo Díaz al lado de Pazco, S.A., 0819-07289, El Dorado, Panama;2. Setor de Meio Ambiente - (SEMAM), Centro de Desenvolvimento da Tecnologia Nuclear - (CDTN-CNEN), Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos 6627, Campus da UFMG, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil;3. Serviço de Técnicas Analíticas - (SERTA), Centro de Desenvolvimento da Tecnologia Nuclear - (CDTN-CNEN), Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos 6627, Campus da UFMG, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil;4. Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais - (PUC-Minas), Av. Dom José Gaspar, 500 - Coração Eucarístico, Belo Horizonte, MG CEP 30535-901, Brazil;5. Grupo de Estudios Ambientales - (GEA), Instituto de Matemática Aplicada San Luis - (IMASL), Universidad Nacional de San Luis – CONICET, Ejercito de los Andes 950, D5700HHW San Luis, Argentina;6. Departamento de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Ejercito de los Andes 950, D5700HHW San Luis, Argentina;7. Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Ejercito de los Andes 950, D5700HHW San Luis, Argentina;1. The Key Laboratory of Industry Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, PR China;2. The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, PR China;1. Alaska Fisheries Science Center, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle 98115, USA;2. Departamento de Geofísica, Universidad de Concepción, Chile;3. Instituto Milenio de Oceanografía (IMO),Universidad de Concepción, Chile;4. School of Aquatic and Fisheries Science, University of Washington, Box 355020 Seattle, WA 98195-5020, USA;5. U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, 170 North First Street, Lander, WY 82520, USA;6. IFREMER, Sciences et Technologies Halieutiques, Brest, France |
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| Abstract: | Although recent research has indicated that bacteria may contribute an important fraction of biochemical residues in terrestrial and marine environments, it is difficult for geochemists to identify contributions from these ubiquitous and biochemically diverse organisms. Previous studies have suggested uronic acids and O-methyl sugars may be useful indicators of microbial abundance and activity, but have been limited primarily to analyses of a small number of isolated samples. We report here comparative distributions of O-methyl sugars, uronic acids, and aldoses in sediment trap material and sediments from Dabob Bay, WA and nearby Saanich Inlet, BC, where temporal and spatial trends may be used together with well-established patterns in other biochemicals to identify bacterial contributions against the background of other carbohydrate sources.O-methyl sugars and uronic acids were important contributors to the overall flux and burial of polysaccharide material in Dabob Bay and Saanich Inlet, composing ≤12 wt% of the total carbohydrate yields from sediment trap and sediment samples. O-methyl sugars accounted for an average of 5% of the carbohydrate yields from sediment trap materials and sediments, but were found rarely and only in low abundance in vascular plant tissues, phytoplankton, and kelp. In contrast, uronic acids were abundant products of sediment trap material and sediments, as well as vascular plant tissues, where in some cases they predominated among all carbohydrates. Uronic acid abundance in sediment trap material averaged 3% and ranged to >6% of total carbohydrate yields.The persistence of total minor sugar yields in water column collections from Dabob Bay throughout the seasonal cycle indicated they had a primary source that was not directly related to plankton bloom cycles nor pulsed inputs of vascular plant remains. Subsurface maxima in total minor sugar yields (and several individual components) within sediment cores from both sites indicate in situ sedimentary sources. Taken together, the observed environmental distributions strongly suggest that the minor sugar abundances in Dabob Bay and Saanich Inlet were controlled by in situ microbial production. |
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