土地制度改革与城镇化健康发展——2013年海峡两岸土地学术交流会综述

本文主要介绍了2013年海峡两岸土地学术交流会上提出的16个重要观点：大陆管理体制不衔接加剧了产城分离;通过设定地上权来提高国有土地利用效率;大陆农村土地承包经营权入股存在风险;大陆应以土地为核心进行不动产统一登记;大陆农村宅基地流转很有必要;大陆开征不动产税面临着许多实践难题;大陆征地制度改革面临的紧迫问题是纠纷解决渠道不畅、补偿对象不明和程序不规范;台湾应在土地征收程序中建立判断公共利益的机制;公共利益不是以获利人数的多少作为判断依据,而是有质的认定;台湾的土地征收已经到了严重侵害人权的程度;台湾的《土地征收条例》还需完善;台湾的土地征收补偿应向日本学习;大陆目前的保障性安居工程建设存在政府失灵、市场失灵和公民规划权利缺失等问题;台湾社会对住宅问题形成了错乱情结;搞好土地评估才能解决台湾的高房价问题;居民偏好居住于空间形态较为分散的地区.

Land Regime Reform and Healthy Urbanization

This paper mainly introduces the 16 important views put forward in the 2013 Cross Strait Symposium on land. The disconnection of administrative systems aggravates the separation of industries and cities. Creating surface rights can improve efficiency of land use. There is risk allowing share-buying of rural land contractual right. Real property registration should be centered on land. Rural homestead cireulation is necessary. There are practical issues to levy real property tax. Urgent issues in reform of land expropriation are dispute resolution, transparency and the procedures. Taiwan should establish judgment mechanism for public interests in the land expropriation procedures. Public interests should be judged based on certification of quality. Taiwan land acquisition violates human rights. Taiwan ＂Land Expropriation Regulation＂ needs revision. Taiwan can learn from Japan in land expropriation compensation. There are government failure and other issues in current indemnificatory housing project in the Mainland. Taiwan society forms disorder complex on the housing problem. High housing prices can be solved through a good land evaluation. Residents prefer live in dispersed areas.