北京和深圳城市化比较研究

通过对北京和深圳两个城市的城市化过程的比较研究,得出北京经历了一个稳定的城市化发展过程,城市人口（以户籍人口为主）城市化水平与人均国内生产总值的对数成正比关系,城市以"摊大饼"的模式向外扩张以及城市环境问题主要为大气污染和水资源匮乏;深圳经历了一个快速的城市化过程,城市人口以外来人口为主,城市化水平与人均国内生产总值成三次关系,城市沿交通干线向外扩张及城市环境问题主要是水污染和水土流失。两个城市化过程的差异主要是由于两个城市的政策和经济相互作用方式不同。

THE URBANIZATION PROCESS COMPARISON OF BEIJING AND SHENZHEN

Cases study on urbanization has been done lots in the western countries, whereas such works are rare in China. In order to reach a well understanding of urbanization, the authors choose two typical cities, Beijing and Shenzhen, to compare their urbanization process. Firstly, the authors analyse the urbanization processes of Beijing and Shenzhen. Then a comparison is given. From the comparison the authors find out that the differences of these two cities lie in six aspects: the increase patterns of urbanization level, the relation between the UL and GDP per capita, the population structure, the industry transformation, the land use patterns and the environment problems. Finally, the reason why the urbanization processes of these two cities have so many differences is explored. The authors believe that different reaction patterns of the policy and economics in Beijing and Shenzhen during the reforming and open period are the main reason.