洪湖湿地演替的影响因素与生态恢复对策

在自然因素（地质构造发育、气候、水文等）及人为因素（农业政策、人口压力、水利工程、环境污染等）对洪湖湿地共同作用下，洪湖湿地的自然演替发生了改变。自然因素影响下洪湖湿地生态系统有向逆演化方向演替的趋势，而不合理的人为影响因素加速了正演化过程。在系统地分析两种影响因素对洪湖湿地演替影响的基础匕，针对人为影响因素产生的不良影响，初步提出了洪湖湿地生态恢复的一些对策，包括加强立法及管理、加强污染控制、扩大湖泊面积、加强水利工程和湿地自然保护区的建设和管理、开展湿地保护教育，提高公众保护意识以及加强监测等。通过湖北省各级政府及部门的努力，有望恢复洪湖湿地良好的生态环境。

Factors Influencing Succession of Honghu lake Wetland and Strategy for Ecological Restoration

The natural succession of Honghu Lake wetland has been greatly changed due to joint effects of natural factors(geological structure,climate and hydrology) and human-caused factors(agricultural policies,population pressure,water conservancy,environmental pollution).Under the impacts of natural factors,the Honghu wetland ecosystem tends to have a reversing succession,while the inappropriate impacts of human activities tend to accelerate the positive succession.Based on analysis of the influences of both natural and human factors with particular attention to negative impacts of human activities,countermeasures for ecological restoration of Honghu wetland were proposed such as strengthening the legislation and management,intensifying pollution control,enlarging area of the lake,strengthening the water conservancy and its management,strengthening management of Honghu Lake wetland nature reserve,developing education on wetland protection,enhancing public awareness of protecting and monitoring.With efforts of the provincial government and relevant agencies Honghu wetland will be restored to better ecological conditions.