多源水联合调度重构滇池流域健康水循环模式

河湖生态用水被挤占并严重短缺是滇池水污染严重和恶化趋势难以遏制的根本原因之一.在对滇池流域"自然人工"二元水循环结构剖析的基础上,结合滇池治理"六大工程"实施现状及存在问题,以水资源的高效配置和循环利用为核心,提出了重构滇池流域健康水循环的总体框架.在水资源模拟系统MIKE BASIN平台上,通过水力联系将环湖截污、外流域调水与节水、入湖河道整治、农业农村面源治理、生态修复、生态清淤等整合为一个有机整体,以恢复流域自然水系循环为目标,将外流域引调水与本区水库水、滇池水、地下水、城市再生水等多源水资源进行水量和水质统一配置,得到滇池流域水资源总体配置方案.结果表明:在牛栏江向滇池年均补水5.72亿m3的前提下,昆明城市尾水可以全部直接外排至下游作为工业用水,削减滇池入湖污染负荷,从而加速滇池生态环境修复的进程.

Joint disposals of multi-source water resources for rehabilitating healthy water cycle in Lake Dianchi Basin

Ecological water of Lake Dianchi and its inflowing rivers has been occupied and experiences serious shortage, which is one of the fundamental causes of serious water pollution with worsening trend and difficult to be constrained. Based on the analysis of natural-social dualistic water cycles, together with the construction of the water pollution prevention system in the basin,this paper presents a framework of healthy water cycle and takes MIKE BASIN as the simulation platform to integrate lake sewage interception, in-lake ecological restoration, lakebed sludge dredging, agricultural non-point sources management, and inflowing river renovation as an organic whole. Centred on the guarantee of residential water, industrial water, irrigation water and ecological water, joint disposals of multi-source water resources are adopted to meet the water demands of Lake Dianchi and its inflowing rivers. Moreover, function orientation of urban river clarifies the route of sewage treatment and circulating utilization. Taking water balance of Lake Dianchi as a premise, the tail water of the municipal sewage of Kunming City is supposed to discharge outside the basin as far as possible. Simulated results indicate that if multi-year average 5.72×10⁸ m³ water is transferred to Lake Dianchi, all recycled water may be deployed towards the downstream Anning-Fumin industrial corridor as industrial water.