Deduction of groundwater flow regime in a basaltic aquifer using geochemical and isotopic data: The Golan Heights, Israel case study |
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Authors: | Elad Dafny Avi Burg Haim Gvirtzman |
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Affiliation: | aInstitute of Earth Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram Campus, 91904 Jerusalem, Israel bGeological Survey of Israel, 30 Malkhe Israel St., 95501 Jerusalem, Israel |
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Abstract: | Groundwater flow-paths through shallow-perch and deep-regional basaltic aquifers at the Golan Heights, Israel, are reconstructed by using groundwater chemical and isotopic compositions. Groundwater chemical composition, which changes gradually along flow-paths due to mineral dissolution and water–rock interaction, is used to distinguish between shallow-perched and deep-regional aquifers. Groundwater replenishment areas of several springs are identified based on the regional depletion in rainwater δ18O values as a function of elevation (−0.25‰ per 100 m). Tritium concentrations assist in distinguishing between pre-bomb and post-bomb recharged rainwater. It was found that waters emerging through the larger springs are lower in δ18O than surrounding meteoric water and poor in tritium; thus, they are inferred to originate in high-elevation regions up to 20 km away from their discharge points and at least several decades ago. These results verify the numerically simulated groundwater flow field proposed in a previous study, which considered the geological configuration, water mass balance and hydraulic head spatial distribution. |
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Keywords: | Golan heights Basalt Groundwater Flow-path Altitude effect Aquifer |
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