东北平原海伦空气孢粉分析

为研究我国温带地区的空气孢粉 ,在东北平原黑龙江省海伦农业生态站离地面以上1 0 m处 ,装置库尔风标花粉仪 ,收集了一年的空气孢粉样品 ,分析结果表明 ,全年空气孢粉有 72个植物的科属 ,其中木本植物 1 8个 ,草本植物 5 2个 ,蕨类植物 2个。最主要的孢粉是桦属、杨属、柳属、栎属、蒿属、藜科 ,禾本科。全年空气孢粉浓度有两个高峰期 ,4月中至 5月底为木本植物花粉高峰期 ,8月初至 9月中为草本植物花粉高峰期 ,全年空气孢粉最高值在 5月中旬 3 4 .3万粒 / 1 0 0 0 m3 空气 ,其次 8月底 3 0 .7万粒 / 1 0 0 0 m3 空气 ,全年空气孢粉最低值在 2月初 ,为 1 0 0粒 / 1 0 0 0 m3空气。本地区引发呼吸道疾病的致敏花粉 ,主要有春季型的桦属和杨属花粉 ,秋季型有蒿属、豚草属、藜科和禾本科花粉。

The Study of Airborne Pollen and Spores in Hailun of Northeast China Plain

In order to study the airborne pollen and spores, we collected a year round airborne samples at 10 m height above ground from Hailun ecological station, which is located in Hai1un County of Heilongjing Province. The analytical results shows that there are 72 plant families and genera in airborne pollen and spores. Of them, 18 are Xylophyte plants, 52 are herbaceous plants, and 2 are Pteridophyta plants. The main pollen and spore families and genera are Betula, Populus, Salix, Quercus, Artremisia , Chenopodiaceae and Gramineae. There are two peak stages of airborne pollen and spore concentrations throughout the year. One is the peak stage of Xylophyte plants from mid April to end of May and other herbaceous plants from early August to mid September. The maximum year round value is 343 000 grains/1000 m 3 air in the mid dekad of May. The second value is 307 000 grains/1000 m 3 air in end of August, and the minimum value is 100 grains/1000 m 3 air in early February. In the local district, the airborne pollen and spores which can induce respiratory tract disease in spring are Betula and Populus , and those that can induce disease in autumn are Artemisia, Ambrosia , Chenopodiaceae and Gramineae.