冬小麦群体的光能利用率

本文通过生长分析法与农田小气候方法相结合的途径,研究了小麦群体的光能利用率和能量转换效率随生育期的变化过程以及它们之间的相互关系;提供了用光能利用效率定量分析栽培措施产量效应机理的实例。文中对现在通用的只使用理想数值计算小麦光能利用率的方法提出了改进意见。试验表明:小麦群体的光能利用率随生育期变化的曲线呈双峰型,抽穗期出现极小值;同样的经济产量所相应的光能利用率,南方的大于北方的;施肥措施的产量效益是群体的能量转换效率、反射率和农田植被覆盖度三个因子在施肥措施的作用下对光能利用率综合影响的结果。

A STUDY ON SOLAR ENERGY UTILIZATION BY WINTEK WHEAT CROPS

Through a combined approach of growth analysis and field micro-climate observations, the variation of the utilization coefficient andtransfer efficiency of solar energy and the relationship between themfor various growth periods of two types of wheat crops are studied.An example of quantitative analysis, using the utilization coefficientof solar energy, of yield effect of cultivation practice is stated andan improvement on the current calculation of solar energy utilizationby wheat crops is presented. The experiment shows that the curveof variation of the utilization coefficient with respect to growingstage exhibits a double-hump distribution with a minimum occurringin the heading stage. For the same economical yield, the utilizationcoefficient of solar energy is larger in South China than in NorthChina. The benefit of using fertilizer is the net result of the com-bined effect of the transfer efficiency of solar energy, reflectanceand vegetative cover on the utilization coefficient of solar energy.