平流层大气环流的典型系统及变化特征综述

随着大气探测技术以及计算机性能的不断提高，近年来平流层探测数据日渐丰富，中层大气模式也得到了快速发展，平流层中一些重要的物理、化学以及动力过程得以深入研究，对平流层大气环流的认识也进一步加深。本文分析了平流层准2 a振荡（Quasi-Biennial Oscillation，QBO）、平流层残余（Brewer-Dobson，BD）环流和平流层极地环流等主要的平流层大气环流系统和信号的气候态特征、形成机制、年际变率以及长期趋势等，阐述了它们的主要影响因子和过程，讨论并展望了与平流层环流有关的一些主要科学问题。

Review of the general atmospheric circulation in the stratosphere and its variation features

With the development of atmospheric detection technology and the increasing of computer power, the stratospheric detection data has become abundant and the numerical models for the middle atmosphere have been developed rapidly in recent years. As a result, the important physical, chemical and dynamical processes in the stratosphere have been studied thoroughly, which improves the understanding of stratospheric circulation. This article reviews the climatological characteristics, maintaining mechanisms, inter-annual variabilities and long-term trends of the general stratospheric circulation systems, including Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO), stratospheric residual (Brewer-Dobson, BD) circulation and stratospheric polar circulation. The main factors and processes influencing these systems are also discussed. Finally, an outlook of major scientific questions related to stratospheric circulation is presented.