Dissolved organic matter in the subterranean estuary of a volcanic island,Jeju: Importance of dissolved organic nitrogen fluxes to the ocean |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain;2. Departament de Física, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain;3. IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Miquel Marques 21, 07190 Esporles, Spain;4. ICMAN (CSIC), Campus Universitario Río San Pedro, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain;5. Instituto Geológico y Minero de España (IGME), Ciudad Querétaro, Palma de Mallorca, 07007, Spain;1. State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, PR China;2. Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, PR China;1. Centre for Coastal Biogeochemistry, School of Environmental Science and Management, Southern Cross University, PO Box 157, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia;2. School of Civil Engineering, University of QLD, St Lucia, QLD 4067, Australia;3. Department of Geosciences, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA |
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| Abstract: | We observed the origin, behavior, and flux of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), dissolved organic nitrogen (DON), colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM), and dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) in the subterranean estuary of a volcanic island, Jeju, Korea. The sampling of surface seawater and coastal groundwater was conducted in Hwasun Bay, Jeju, in three sampling campaigns (October 2010, January 2011, and June 2011). We observed conservative mixing of these components in this subterranean environment for a salinity range from 0 to 32. The fresh groundwater was characterized by relatively high DON, DIN, and CDOM, while the marine groundwater showed relatively high DOC. The DON and DIN fluxes through submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) in the groundwater of Hwasun Bay were estimated to be 1.3 × 105 and 2.9 × 105 mol d− 1, respectively. In the seawater of Hwasun Bay, the groundwater-origin DON was almost conservative while about 91% of the groundwater-origin DIN was removed perhaps due to biological production. The DON flux from the entire Jeju was estimated to be 7.9 × 108 mol yr− 1, which is comparable to some of the world's large rivers. Thus, our study highlights that DON flux through SGD is potentially important for delivery of organic nitrogen to further offshore while DIN is readily utilized by marine plankton in near-shore waters under N-limited conditions. |
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