A note on the direct injection of turbulence by breaking waves |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Laboratoire d’Océanographie Spatiale, Institut Francais de Recherche pour l’Exploitation de la Mer, Plouzané, France;2. Nansen-Tutu Center, Department of Oceanography, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa;3. Laboratoire Physique Hydrodynamique et Sédimentaire, Institut Francais de Recherche pour l’Exploitation de la Mer, Plouzané, France;4. Oceanographic Center, Nova Southeastern University, Dania Beach, FL, USA;1. State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China;2. Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Ship and Deep-Sea Exploration(CISSE), Shanghai, 200240, China;3. School of Naval Architecture, Ocean and Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China;1. The Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, USA;2. University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK, USA;3. Plasma Physics Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington D.C., USA;4. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Inter American University of Puerto Rico, Bayamón, PR, USA;1. Laboratoire de Probabilités et Modèles Aléatoires & Laboratoire Jacques-Louis Lions, Université Paris Diderot, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France;2. Institut Langevin, UMR 7587, ESPCI ParisTech and CNRS, 1 rue Jussieu, 75238 Paris Cedex 05, France;1. NatHaz Modeling Laboratory, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA;2. Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA |
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| Abstract: | We investigate the turbulence induced by wave-breaking at the ocean surface. Two recent models use a mechanism of direct depth injection of turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) by breaking waves. Those models aim to reproduce the near-surface mean and turbulent properties, in particular the TKE dissipation rates. Of critical importance are the injection depth of each breaking wave and the size distribution of those breaking waves. The models by Sullivan et al. (2007) and by Kudryavtsev et al. (2008) have very different parameterizations, and those differences are reviewed here and compared to available observations. Using realistic parameterizations in these models leads to TKE injections too shallow to compare to observations, in particular for developed seas. The near-surface turbulence is thus still not well understood to the zeroth order. For instance, whether developed seas produce deeper or shallower mixing than young seas is neither well understood nor well modelled. Additional dedicated measurements as well as investigations of breaking non-breaking wave interactions are needed. |
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