Early Cretaceous ostracod biostratigraphy of eastern Brazil and western Africa: An overview |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University, Villavägen 16, SE-752 36 Uppsala, Sweden;2. School of Geosciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia 3800;3. Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, Centro de Geologia, Campo Grande C-6, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal;4. 3 Impasse des Biroulayres, F-33610 Cestas, France;1. Petrobras/Cenpes, Horácio Macedo, 950, Ilha do Fundão, 21941-915, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;2. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Geologia, Avenida Athos da Silveira Ramos, 274, Ilha do Fundão, 21910-200, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;1. CAS Key Laboratory of Economic Stratigraphy and Palaeogeography, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 39 East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, China;2. Department for Geodynamics and Sedimentology, University of Vienna, Geozentrum, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria;3. State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 39 East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, China;4. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;5. Sam Noble Oklahoma Museum of Natural History (SNOMNH), 2401 Chautauqua Avenue, Norman, OK 73072-7029, USA;6. State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Xueyuanlu 29, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China;1. Universidade Federal do Pará, Instituto de Geociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geologia e Geoquímica, Brazil;2. Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Campus de Pesquisa, Coordenação de Ciências da Terra e Ecologia, Av. Perimetral, Cx. Postal 399, 1901, Belém, PA, Brazil;1. Université de Tunis El Manar II, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, UR11 ES15, CP 2092 Tunis, Tunisia;2. Department for Geodynamics and Sedimentology, University of Vienna, Geozentrum, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria;3. Sam Noble Oklahoma Museum of Natural History, 2401 Chautauqua Ave., OK 73072-7029, USA;4. Department of Geology, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), 50.740-530 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil;5. Département de Géologie, Office National des Mines, 24, rue de l′Énergie 2035 la Charguia, BP 215, 1080 Tunis cedex, Tunisia;6. Université de Sfax, Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, Lab. 3E, CP 3000, BP 11-71, Sfax, Tunisia;1. Key Laboratory of Economic Stratigraphy and Palaeogeography, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China;3. Zhanjiang Branch of China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC), Zhanjiang, China |
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| Abstract: | Petroleum exploration in the offshore basins of eastern Brazil and western Africa has been aided for the last fifty years by an understanding of the Early Cretaceous ostracod biostratigraphy of the proto-South Atlantic. This review charts the development of the presently accepted zonation from its early development in the Recôncavo–Tucano Basin and recognition as palaeontological evidence for continental drift in the 1960s, to its application over the following five decades in the Brazilian Sergipe–Alagoas, Araripe and Campos basins and the western African Congo, Gabon and Kwanza basins. The distribution of ostracod species in the lakes which formed during the early stages of the opening of the Atlantic during the Early Cretaceous was often extensive, and this has resulted in effectively South Atlantic-wide application for many species, and certainly for the zonation as a whole. Indeed, petroleum companies continue to exploit the predictability of the ostracods in South Atlantic operations due to the fact that they are often able to provide accurate constraints on stratigraphic position for a relatively low cost. However, the ostracod biozonations of the pre-Salt section for several eastern Brazilian basins, such as the Recôncavo–Tucano, Sergipe–Alagoas and Campos, have not been thoroughly revised since the 1980s, and the taxonomy of these remains somewhat outdated. Furthermore, ostracod biozonations for many basins on both coasts (e.g. the Brazilian Espírito Santo and the western African Namibe basins) have never been published. An updated and revised taxonomy of the ostracods of the basins of eastern Brazil and western Africa is presented (Appendix I), as well as a revision of the biozonation on both sides of the modern day Atlantic Ocean. It is hoped that this paper will act as a catalyst for further work in the basins surrounding the modern day South Atlantic, which hold much interest for petroleum companies and micropalaeontologists alike. |
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