Erosion of river terraces as a component of large catchment sediment budgets: A pilot study from the Gangetic Plain |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan;2. Department of Pediatrics, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan;3. Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan;4. Laboratory for Integrative Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan;5. Department of Community Pediatrics, Perinatal and Maternal Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan;1. Central Ground Water Board, SER, Bhujal Bhawan, Khandagiri, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India;2. Central Ground Water Board, Bhujal Bhawan, NH-IV, Faridabad, Haryana, India;3. Bihar State Disaster Management Authority, Patna, Bihar, India;1. Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Oregon State University, 104 Nash Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA;2. Oregon Department of Forestry, 2600 State St., Salem, Oregon 97310, USA |
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| Abstract: | Erosion of river terraces and alluvial interfluves in large catchments may be a significant source of sediment, but is not readily included in sediment budgets because quantification is not straightforward. Here a pond on a large river terrace on the Gangetic Plain in northern India provides: an estimate of the proportion of sheet and rill erosion products that reaches a valley floor and, by analogy, the amount that reaches a channel that drains to a major river; and insights into the sensitivity of this delivery to climate change and land use. Comparison is made between the rate of delivery of the products of sheet and rill erosion to a valley floor with approximate sediment yield from gullies indicating that the latter is likely to be a more significant source of sediment. This is a pilot study and its limitations can guide future research. The construction of sediment budgets in many large catchments worldwide could potentially include the approach reported here. The study also contributes to understanding of human–environment interactions, specifically with regard to sheet erosion of agricultural soils. |
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