安徽省旅游发展空间错位的模型分析

旅游资源与旅游区位的地域差异是客观存在的,对区域旅游发展空间错位及其原因的分析可为促进区域旅游均衡发展提供科学依据。本文以安徽省16个地级市为研究单元,运用重力模型和二维组合矩阵,选取旅游收入、资源丰度和旅游区位作为评价指标,定量分析旅游发展空间错位关系,并利用ArcGIS软件将结果进行可视化表达。研究发现:安徽省旅游收入、资源丰度和旅游区位的重心分别处于(117.63°E,31.18°N)、(117.51°E,31.12°N)和(117.20°E,32.00°N),经度方向最大错位0.43°,最小0.12°,纬度方向最大错位0.88°,最小0.06°;与区域几何中心相比,旅游收入重心和资源丰度重心均向南偏移;从旅游收入-资源丰度、旅游收入-旅游区位的组合矩阵来看,呈错位和同步发展的城市均为8个。整体而言,安徽省旅游空间错位主要是因旅游区位和旅游资源的条件差异,四大旅游板块要结合自身的特点,发挥优势,挖掘潜力,通过采取不同的空间矫正策略达到区域旅游协同发展的目的。

The Model Analysis on Spatial Mismatch of Tourism Development in Anhui Province

The existence of regional differences between tourism resources and tourism locations makes it necessary to analyze the spatial mismatch about regional tourism development and its causes, therefore to provide a scientific basis for promoting balanced development to regional tourism. With the assistance of gravity model and two-dimensional portfolio matrix，this article chooses tourism income, resource abundance and tourism location as the evaluation indices. Based on the research on 16 cities of Anhui province, we make a quantitative analysis of the spatial mismatch of tourism development and visualize the result using ArcGIS. The study shows that the spatial mismatch exists in tourism income, resource abundance and tourism location on different levels. The center of tourism income locates at 117.63°E and 31.18°N, the center of resource abundance locates at 117.51°E and 31.12°N, and the center of tourism location locates at 117.20°E and 32.00°N. In longitudinal direction, the largest spatial mismatch is 0.43°, and the minimum is 0.12°. In latitudinal direction, the largest spatial mismatch is 0.88°, and the minimum is 0.06°. Compared with the regional geometric center, the largest spatial mismatch in longitude and latitude direction appears in the center of tourism income and resource abundance, and both are relatively favoring southward. According to the combination matrix between tourism income and resource abundance, and that between tourism income and tourism location, 8 cities indicate mismatched development and the other 8 indicate synchronous development. Generally, tourism spatial mismatch in Anhui is mainly caused by the uneven allocation of tourism locations and tourism resources. To be specific, the main causes are: the resource distribution, that little of which distributed in the northern region, medium in the central region and lots in the southern region; and the traffic condition, that is mild in the northern region, heavy in the central region, and light in the southern region. According to the various characteristics of these cities, each city should make full use of regional advantages and exploit its own potentialities. The international tourism and cultural demonstration areas in the south of Anhui, in Wan-jiang urban belt, in Hefei economic circle, and in the tourism region of north Anhui should take different spatial correction strategies to promote the development of regional tourism collaboratively.