众源地理数据处理与分析方法探讨

目的 众源地理数据是由大量非专业人员志愿获取并通过互联网向大众或相关机构提供的一种开放地理数据,是有别于传统测绘产品的一种新型地理空间数据。分析和研究了众源地理数据的概念与特点;介绍了众源地理数据的来源和获取方法;讨论了众源地理数据处理与分析的关键技术,包括众源地理数据的质量评价方法,众源地理数据的信息提取与更新方法,众源地理数据的分析与挖掘方法等;指出了众源地理数据处理与分析的研究趋势和发展方向。

Methods of Crowd Sourcing Geographic Data Processing and Analysis

Objective Crowd sourcing geographic data(CSGD)is a new kind of open geospatial data collected andprovided to citizens or organizations by non-professional volunteers.Its acquisition differs from con-ventional methods of surveying and mapping.It has the characteristics of being up-to-date,informa-tive,low cost,and large size.Unique issues of such data are its heterogeneous data quality,redun-dancy and incompleteness,uneven data coverage,absence of data standards,privacy and safety,etc.It can be employed in a wide range of application fields including emergency cartography,early warn-ing,map and database updating,crime analysis,and epidemiologic studies.Thus,it is important tosystematically investigate the key aspects regarding its processing and analysis.The paper reviews theprogress and challenges of CSGD processing and analysis.Firstly,the paper summarizes the conceptand characteristics of CSGD.Secondly,the paper introduces the acquisition methods and potential da-ta sources of CSGD.Thirdly,the paper discusses some key methods and techniques on the processingand analysis of CSGD,which includes data quality metrics,information extraction and updating,spa-tial data analysis and mining.Specifically,the paper suggests that firstly data evaluation is a criticalprerequisite for CSGD research and application,secondly information extraction and updating via CS-GD can complement the conventional methods of geographic database updating,and finally spatial dataanalysis and mining on CSGD can provide valuable information and knowledge for potential applica-tions using methods like network topological analysis,spatial statistical analysis,and spatial datamining.Lastly,the paper draws some conclusions on the state-of-the-art of CSGD processing and a-nalysis and points out the future research directions.