新疆塔里木河干流堤防修建对地下水位的影响

通过2001—2003年对塔里木河干流3个断面18眼地下水监测井数据分析表明，沙子河口断而地下水埋深无明显变化；乌斯满河口断面地下水埋深表现为加深-变浅-加深的过程；阿其河口断面地下水埋深略呈减小趋势。地下水埋深的空间变化特征为：沙子河口断面水分条件最差；乌斯满河口断面的地下水埋深均小于3m，水分条件最好。洪、枯水期地下水埋深变化特征为：沙子河口断面地下水埋深变化很小；乌斯满河口断而和阿其河口断面，由于受提闸放水的影响，2003年地下水埋深普遍小于2002年。塔里木河中游输水堤防的修建对遏制河水在洪水期任意漫流，增加下游来水量起到了积极作用。

Impact of Embankment on Groundwater Depth in Middle Reaches of Tarim River

Based on the data of groundwater depth of 18 wells at three sections in the middle reaches of Tarim River from 2001 to 2003, the spatial and temporal changes of groundwater depth were analyzed. At Shazihe section, the groundwater depth was larger than the other two sections and the annual variation of groundwater depth was small. At Wusiman section, the groundwater depth was the largest among the three sections. The groundwater depth of Wusiman section underwent a change of increasing-decreasing-increasing from 2001 to 2003. At Aqihe section, the groundwater depth tended to decrease from 2001 to 2003. Owing to the building of embankment, the decreasing extent of groundwater depth of 2003 was smaller than that of 2002. The temporal changes of groundwater indicated the water condition of Shazihe section was the poorest; the groundwater depth of Wusiman section was smaller than 3 meters, which was the best among the three sections. The variation of groundwater depth at Shazihe section between flood period and drought period was small. Because of sluicing to area along the river, the groundwater depths of 2003 were smaller than those of 2002 at Wusiman section and Aqihe section. The building of embankment in the middle reaches of Tarim River exerted active effect on the increasing of water volume to the lower reaches of Tarim River.