考古磁学─磁学在考古中的应用

60年代质子磁力仪问世,磁力勘查成为探查古遗存空间分布的主要地球物理方法之一。同时,古地磁学的发展使磁性地层学成为确定古遗存、古人类化石时代的重要手段。随着第四纪沉积物磁性特征研究的深人,又为环境考古提供了新的途径。作者通过实践研究,认为以古遗存本身及所处的地层的磁性特征为基础,从磁学机制出发,可将上述空间、时间及环境考古诸方面有机结合起来,构成统一的考古磁学。文中以祥硕的数据、实例介绍了应用的效果,并阐述了具体的工作方法与技术。

ARCHEOLOGICAL MAGNETICS-THE APPLICATION OF MAGNETICS IN ARCHAEOLOGY

With the invention of proton magnetometers in 1960' s; magnetic exploration has become one of the main geophysical methods for exploring paleorelict. Meanwhile; the development of paleomagnetism has rendered magnetic stratigraphy very important in determining ages of paleorelict and fossils of ancient mankind. With the deepening of the research into magnetic characteristics of Quaternary sediments; a new way has also been opened up for environmnetal archaeology.Through practice and investigation; the author holds that; based on magnetic characteristics of the paleorelict itself and the strata it lies in; one may combine space; time and other aspects of environmental archaeology into unified archeological magnetics.With full and accurate data and examples; this paper has recounted its application effect as well as its working methods and techniques.