塔克拉玛干沙漠北缘辐射分量特征

利用塔克拉玛干沙漠北缘肖塘自动站2011年直接探测的辐射资料,对该地区辐射状况进行了初步分析。结果表明:短波辐射各个分量的月总量最大值均出现在7月,总辐射瞬时最大值为1 329.6 W·m-2,出现在6月。晴天天气下,辐射分量均为夏季最大,冬季最小,除大气长波辐射外,其他分量均呈现出标准的倒“U”型。大气长波辐射浮尘、扬沙天气时的日总量,均与晴天时一致;而地面长波辐射日总量则是晴天时最大,浮尘天气次之,阴天最小。肖塘地区地表反照率冬季较大,夏季较小,年均值为0.27,比塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地（0.3）低10%,但远高于绿洲和高原。

Characteristics of Radiation Components in the Northern Margin of the Taklimakan Desert

In this paper, the characteristics of radiation components are analyzed by using radiation observation data from Xiaotang meteorological station in the northern margin of the Taklimakan Desert. The results show that the monthly maximum component of shortwave radiation occurs in July, and maximum instantaneous global radiation (1 329.6 W\5m-2) emerges in June. Under the clear day conditions, seasonal variation of radiation components is very strong (weak) in summer (winter).The pattern of other radiation components take on inverse "U" shapes according to their diurnal changes except downwell long wave radiation. The daily total radiation of downwell long wave radiation under the floating dust and blowing dust condition is consistent that under the clear day condition. In addition, the maximum (minimum) daily total radiation of upwell long wave radiation occurs in clear day (cloudy day), and daily total radiation of upwell long wave radiation under the floating dust is between clear day and cloudy day. The surface albedo in winter is higher in Xiaotang area than in summer. The annual average surface albedo is 0.27 which is lower 10% than Taklimakan Desert hinterland, but higher far than oasis and plateau.