充气膨胀控制锚杆的研制与试验

现有充气锚杆构造存在着承载力小、气囊易爆破、无法在工程中应用等缺点。通过对充气锚杆的气囊增加保护用的端挡板、侧护板等措施，分别发明了带端挡板的充气锚杆和带侧护板的充气锚杆；又在锚杆的构造中增设挤土钢板，改变了锚杆的传力途径，研制出管片式充气膨胀控制锚杆，具有承载力大、性能稳定、可完全回收等特点，整体构造更加简单实用。对这3种锚杆分别进行了室内外黏土层的足尺试验，管片式充气锚杆的最大充气压力可以达到0.6 MPa，是现有充气锚杆的5倍，锚固段每米极限承载能力最大达到40 kN，是现有充气锚杆的60倍；同时推导验证了管片式充气膨胀控制锚杆的承载力计算公式，使得该类锚杆的工程应用成为可能。

Development and test of aerated inflation controlled anchors

The existing aerated anchor has some shortcomings, such as small bearing capacity, explosive air bag, and unapplication in engineering. By adding end baffle and side guard plate for air bag of aerated anchor, the aerated anchor with end baffle and the aerated anchor with side guard plate was invented respectively. The aerated inflation controlled anchor was then developed by adding the earth-squeezing steel plate in the structure of the anchor, which changes the way of transmission of the anchor. It has the advantages of large bearing capacity, stable performance and complete recovery, and the overall structure of this anchor is simpler and more practical. Full-scale indoor and outdoor tests of the three kinds of anchors were carried out respectively. The maximum aeration pressure of the aerated inflation controlled anchor in tube piece type can reach 0.6 MPa, which is 5 times the existing aerated anchor. The maximum ultimate bearing capacity of the anchor section per meter is 40 kN, which is 60 times the existing aerated anchor. At the same time, the formulas for calculating the bearing capacity of the aerated inflation controlled anchor in tube piece type are deduced and verified, and facilitates the practical application of the anchor.