X-ray computed tomography of planetary materials: A primer and review of recent studies |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Geoscience, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA;2. Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0244, USA;1. Planetary Geosciences Institute, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA;2. V.S. Sobolev Institute of Geology & Mineralogy, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia;3. Novosibirk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia;4. Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA;1. School of Geosciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia;2. CSIRO Earth Science and Resource Engineering, Australian Resources Research Centre, 26 Dick Perry Ave., Kensington, Western Australia 6151, Australia;1. Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK;2. Microwave Process Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK;3. School of Materials, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK;1. School of Geographical and Earth Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK;2. Jackson School of Geological Sciences, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA;3. Manchester X-ray Imaging Facility, School of Materials, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK;4. Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton Laboratories, Oxfordshire OX11 0FA, UK;5. Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre, East Kilbride E75 0QF, UK |
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| Abstract: | X-ray computed tomography (XCT) is a powerful 3D imaging technique that has been used to investigate meteorites, mission-returned samples, and other planetary materials of all scales from dust particles to large rocks. With this technique, a 3D volume representing the X-ray attenuation (which is sensitive to composition and density) of the materials within an object is produced, allowing various components and textures to be observed and quantified. As with any analytical technique, a thorough understanding of the underlying physical principles, system components, and data acquisition parameters provides a strong foundation for the optimal acquisition and interpretation of the data. Here we present a technical overview of the physics of XCT, describe the major components of a typical laboratory-based XCT instrument, and provide a guide for how to optimize data collection for planetary materials using such systems. We also discuss data processing, visualization and analysis, including a discussion of common data artifacts and how to minimize them. We review a variety of recent studies in which XCT has been used to study extraterrestrial materials and/or to address fundamental problems in planetary science. We conclude with a short discussion of anticipated future directions of XCT technology and application. |
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| Keywords: | X-ray Computed tomography 3D imaging Synchrotron Radiation Damage Planetary Meteorites |
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