1980-2015年青藏高原东南部岗日嘎布山冰川变化的遥感监测

基于地形图、航空摄影相片和Landsat OLI遥感影像,对青藏高原东南部岗日嘎布山1980-2015年问的冰川变化进行了研究.结果表明:1980-2015年,岗日嘎布山冰川面积减少679.50 km2(-24.91％),年平均面积退缩率为0.71％·a-,末端海拔平均抬升了111 m.研究区范围内有10条冰川处于前进状态,冰川长度平均增加566.17 m;其余冰川均处于退缩状态,冰川长度平均减少823.49 m.与中国其他山系冰川相比,岗日嘎布山冰川面积年平均退缩速率较大,冰川长度变化速率最大,是冰川退缩最强烈的地区之一.岗日嘎布山冰川变化与气候变化关系密切,对研究区附近三个气象站5-9月平均气温和降水变化分析表明,自 1980年以来,岗日嘎布山5-9月平均气温显著上升,降水变化不明显,是导致该区域冰川呈现快速退缩的主要原因.

Remote sensing monitoring of the glacier change in the Gangrigabu Range,southeast Tibetan Plateau from 1980 through 2015

Researches reveal that most glacier around the globe have retreated due to climate warming in recent decades.In this study,the change of glaciers in the Gangrigabu Range,southeast Tibetan Plateau,was analyzed using the 1∶50 000 topographical maps based on the aerial photos taken in 1980 and the Landsat OLI images in 2015.The following conclusion can be drawn that most glaciers in the Gangrigabu Range were in retreat,where the glacierized area had decreased by 679.50 km2,or 24.91％ (0.71％ · a-1),and the average elevation of glacier terminal had uplifted 111 m.In the study area,there were 10 glaciers advancing,which had experienced a mean advance of 566.17 m,and other glaciers had retreated 823.49 m in average.Compared with glacier change in other mountains of China,one can see that the annual average area shrink ratio of glaciers was larger in the Gangrigabu Range,with a maximum annual average length retreat rate,which was one of the regions with strongest glacier shrinkage.There was a close relation between glacier retreat and climate change in the Gangrigabu Range.It is revealed from the records in three meteorological stations in the study area that the average temperature from May to September has increased significantly since 1980,but precipitation from May to September has insignificant change,resulting in glacier fast retreating.