Environmental pollution induced by heavy metal(loid)s from pig farming |
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| Authors: | Zemeng Feng,Ruilin Huang |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changsha,China;2.National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production,Changsha,China;3.Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production,Changsha,China;4.Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture,Changsha,China;5.College of Animal Science and Technology,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,China;6.Animal Nutrition and Human Health Laboratory, School of Life Sciences,Hunan Normal University,Changsha,China;7.Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety,Changsha,China |
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| Abstract: | The development of intensive and large-scale livestock farming, such as pig husbandry, is significantly increasing the amount of manure globally. Mineral additives are commonly used in animal feed, and heavy metal(loid)s (HMs) are introduced to the feed via incomplete purification processes of those mineral additives, which leads to inevitable environmental pollution by HMs in conjunction with manure production. When these toxic-metal-containing manures are used as fertilizer, the HMs accumulate in soils and crops, which further causes potential risks to human health and the ecological environment. In this review, the focus is on seven HMs that are related to human activities or frequently contained in animal feed, including copper, zinc, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, and arsenic. The toxicities of these HMs and the elimination methods to reduce the HM toxicity of pig manure when it is added to soil, i.e., liquid–solid separation, adsorption, bioleaching, and composting, are summarized. The ultimate aim of this review is to outline the systematic pollution management strategies for HMs from pig farming. |
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