稀有金属经济地质的研究进展

近年来国际市场上铜，金等主要金属价格狂跌不止，但稀有金属由于在电子，航空，陶瓷，冶金等领域中的应用越来越广而形势看好，并推动了矿床学界对稀有金属矿床的研究，稀有金属矿床类型除了微晶岩型外，还包括火山岩容矿型，花岗岩容矿型，碱性－超镁铁质及碳酸岩杂岩体型，地幔流体交代型，细晶岩型等多种类型。在找矿方法上，除了常规地质方法外，物探方法和成因矿物学方法也被广泛应用，在成因研究方面提出了一些新模式，如非平

ADVANCE IN THE STUDY ON ECONOMIC GEOLOGY OF RARE METAL DEPOSITS

Although the prices of copper and gold are lowering down in the international market,both of the prices and sales volume of rare metals are increasing,due to their more and more extensive application in the fields of aerospace,electronics,ceramics,metallurgy and other industries.Such a growth in demand for rare metals promotes the economical geologists to study the rare metal deposits.A lot of advances have been made,such as the discovery of new types of deposits,the application of new geophysical and geochemical methods into the exploration of rare metal deposits,and the further research of metallogeny.For example,rare metal deposits can be found not only within pegmatite,but also within volcanic rocks,granites,alkalic ultramafic rocks,aplites and so on.As to exploration,besides normal geological investigation,geophysical methods and minerageny methods have been applied extensively.A few new genetic models have also been presented,such as the non equilibrium fractionating crystallization model and the poly evolution model.Great advances of exploration and research on the economic geology of rare metals have also been made domestically,but some problems in resource management and exploitation are waiting to be solved urgently.