廊道式工程建设对沿线地区景观格局的影响定量研究

应用景观格局指数分析法,对比分析了西气东输豫南支线管道工程施工前后管线两侧缓冲区范围内景观格局动态。研究表明:管线建设将会引起管线附近区域土地利用发生转移;在3000m缓冲区范围内存在影响强度变化拐点,且斑块聚集度指数变化对管线建设的影响较为敏感;在类型水平上不同缓冲区多数景观指数之间没有显著性的差异,景观格局变化趋势类同;从景观水平上格局变化很难看出管线建设对沿线景观格局产生影响,但在类型和景观水平上各景观指数变化对工程建设的敏感程度不同。

Quantitative Study on Effect of Linear Project Construction on Landscape Pattern along Pipeline

Pipeline construction, as a linear project may result in significant effects on the structure and function of regional ecosystem, however a systematic and effective method to quantitatively evaluate this kind of effects is unavailable until today. In this paper, the Dianshi-Zhumadian branch line of the West-to-East Pipeline Project (WEPP)was chosen as a study area, the landscape pattern change along the pipeline was compared before and after construction based on Landsat TM and ETM+ (2002, 2003)images by using landscape metrics. The results shows that oil pipeline construction activity becomes the direct factor affecting land use changes in the area near the oil pipeline, the construction areas increase by occupying farmland, woodland and grassland, and the influence extent of the construction has an inflection point at the 1500-3000 m buffer zone. The connectivity index (COHESION)is more sensitive to impact of the pipeline construction. Paired T test indicates that no significant difference is found on the landscape indices at patch scale, and the landscape pattern change at 0-300 m buffer zone has a similar trend to the other buffers. At the landscape level, it is difficult to determine whether the construction project have produced effects on the landscape pattern changes alone the project. Based on our study, the method by comparing the significance of the difference between landscape indices both in spatial and temporal scales is useful and effective for quantitative evaluation on the environmental impacts, and it can be used to distinguish the effects of projects from the other sources when the environmental impact assessment is conducted in pipeline project construction. However, it is important to note that the response feature of landscape indices to the impact of pipeline project is different at the patch level and landscape level.