6个不同鲤群体的形态差异分析

对黄河鲤、荷包红鲤、高背荷包红鲤、兴国红鲤、建鲤和黑龙江野鲤等6个鲤群体的12个形态比例性状进行单因素方差分析、主成分分析和聚类分析。单因素方差分析结果表明,除眼后头长/头长外,各鲤群体间在其他比例性状上出现较明显的差异。主成分分析构建了3个主成分,其贡献率分别为35.316%、23.221%、10.146%,累计贡献率为68.683%,并明显可将6个鲤群体划分为2个簇,荷包红鲤和高背荷包红鲤明显与其他群体区分开。聚类分析结果与主成分分析一致。在体高/体长、头长/体长、体厚/体长和尾柄高/尾柄长等4个比例性状上,有些群体的差异系数大于1.28,说明这些群体在这4个指标上的差异可达到亚种水平。结果表明,6个鲤群体在形态上存在一定差异和分化,主要体现在体型和头部特征上。

Analysis of Morphological Variation in Six Common Carp(Cyprinus carpio)Populations

Data of the morphometric characteristics were observed by one-way ANOVA analysis, principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis on 6 common carp populations including Huanghe carp (Cyprinus carpio haematopterus Teminck et Schlegel), purse red carp (C. carpio var. wuyuanensis), high-dorsal purse red carp (C. carpio var. wuyuanensis), Xingguo red carp (C. carpio var. xingguonensis), Jian carp (C. carpio var. jian) and Heilongjiang wild carp (C. carpio haematopterus). The one-way ANOVA analysis showed that there were obvious differences in some morphometric characteristics except the ratio of Length of eye posterior edge to operculum to Head length among the six common carp populations. The PCA constructed 3 principal components with the contribution of 35.316%, 23.221% and 10.146% respectively, which expressed the 68.683% of the cumulative variance. The 6 common carp populations could be divided into 2 clusters. The populations of purse red carp and high-dorsal purse red carp were obviously differentiated from the other populations. The result of Cluster Analysis was in accordance with the PCA results. The coefficients of difference with the value more than 1.28 observed in several populations concerning morphometric characteristics of the ratio of body depth to standard length, head length to standard length, body width to standard length and caudal peduncle depth to caudal peduncle length indicated subspecific difference in these 4 kinds of morphometric characteristics. The results showed that there were distinct differences among the 6 populations, which were related to the morphological characteristics of body shape and head shape.