Petrology of the volcanic rocks of martinique,West Indies |
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Authors: | D Westercamp |
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Institution: | 1. Laboratoire de Volcanologie-Pétrographie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Paris-Sud, 91405, Orsay, France
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Abstract: | Volcanological differences between the old and the recent lavas from Martinique, Lesser Antilles, are presented, showing that two volcanic series exist in this island: Dash a high-alumina basalt series generally mafic, line-grained, partly pillowed, with clinopyroxene-rich lavas which show iron enrichment tendancies en an A.F.M. plot; a calc-alkaline (slightly potassic) series much more siliceous as a group, porphyric, predominantly sub-aerially erupted with orthopyroxene-rich lavas which show no iron enrichment. The high-alumina basalt series is considered as having originated from a differentiation trend by fractionation of olivine, clinopyroxene and plagioclase. Lavas range from olivine basalt to tridymite-rich dacite. The calc-alkaline series probably derives from the contamination of the first suite but the occurence of hornblende-rich cumulates indicates the process of fractionation takes place too. Lavas range from orthopyroxene andesite and hornblende andesite to quartz-hornblende dacite and quartz-biotite dacite. |
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