中国沿海常见蜑螺科贝类的DNA条形码

DNA条形码不仅为物种鉴定提供了有效方法,而且也有助于分类学和生物多样性研究。本研究旨在探讨将COI和16S rRNA基因序列应用于中国沿海蜑螺科贝类物种鉴定的可行性,获得了该科3属7种贝类61个个体的COI和16S rRNA基因序列。基于COI基因序列的种内遗传距离为0.00—1.29%,平均为0.67%;属内种间遗传距离为4.62%—19.25%,平均为13.02%;基于16S rRNA基因序列的种内遗传距离为0.00%—0.48%,平均为0.23%;属内种间遗传距离为2.47%—8.48%,平均为6.37%。两种基因序列在所研究的蜑螺中,种内遗传差异均小于种间遗传差异,存在明显的条形码间隙,所有物种在系统发生树上都表现为独立的单系群。结果表明,线粒体COI和16S rRNA基因序列可以作为DNA条形码标准基因对蜑螺科贝类进行有效地物种鉴定。

DNA barcoding in Neritidae Species (Gastropoda, Neritimorpha) along the coast of China

DNA barcoding is not only providing an efficient method for species-level identification but also helpful in taxonomy and biodiversity. This study is aimed at assessing whether DNA barcode can efficiently distinguish the species of Neritidae along the coast of China. We sequenced partial sequences of mitochondrial COI and 16S rRNA genes from 61 individuals of 7 species of 3 genera. Our analysis showed that K2P-distances based on COI between conspecific sequences varied from 0.00% to 1.29% (0.67% on average), distances between congeneric sequences were from 4.62% to 19.25% (13.02% on average); K2P-distances based on 16S rRNA between conspecific sequences varied from 0.00% to 0.48% (0.23% on average), distances between congeneric sequences were from 2.47% to 8.48% (6.37% on average), and all conspecifics clustered together in the phylogenetic trees. These evidenced that the Neritidae species can be distinguished by DNA barcoding based on the COI and 16S rRNA gene sequences.