Low density structures in the local universe. I. Diffuse agglomerates of galaxies

This paper is the first of a series considering the properties of distribution of nearby galaxies in the low density regions. Among 7596 galaxies with radial velocities V _LG < 3500 km/s, absolute magnitudes M _K < ?18?4, and Galactic latitudes |b| > 15° there are 3168 field galaxies (i.e. 42%) that do not belong to pairs, groups or clusters in the Local universe. Applying to this sample the percolation method with a radius of r ₀ = 2.8Mpc, we found 226 diffuse agglomerates with n ?? 4 number of members. The structures of eight most populated objects among them (n ?? 25) are discussed. These non-virialized agglomerates are characterized by amedian dispersion of radial velocities of about 170 km/s, the linear size of around 6 Mpc, integral K-band luminosity of 3 × 10¹¹ L _??, and a formal virial-mass-to-luminosity ratio of about 700M _??/L _??. The mean density contrast for the considered agglomerates is only $\left\langle {\Delta n/\bar n} \right\rangle $ ?? 5, and their crossing time is about 30?C40 Gyr.