企业合作模式及其对区域经济发展的影响——以江苏省通州市企业为例

随着竞争日益复杂化,企业之间纷纷从对立型竞争转向合作型竞争,并由此对企业的空间行为、空间结构及区域经济发展产生了重要影响。相对于在实践中不断推进的企业合作活动,这方面的理论研究落后很多,特别是有关企业合作与区域经济发展关系方面的研究更少。企业合作可以分为研发合作、生产合作、营销合作、资金合作等不同模式,他们对于区域经济发展有如一柄双刃剑,既可以加快区域生产要素的流动,通过蛙跳效应、涓滴效应、网络化效应等加快落后地区的发展,也可造成落后地区在合作过程中对发达地区的过度依赖,并承接来自发达地区的污染转移,影响落后地区的可持续发展和产业升级。

Enterprise cooperation model and its effects on regional economic development: a case study on enterprises in Tongzhou city, Jiangsu province

With the globalization of economy and progress of science and technology, more and more enterprises currently find it very difficult to develop all by oneself in the furious market competition. In order to deal with the furious market competition, many enterprises make adjustment to their competition strategy by turning from antagonistic competition to cooperative competition. Enterprise cooperation, as an innovation in enterprise organization, has become an effective way to strengthen the enterprise's competitiveness. The main part of enterprise cooperation consists of two or more than two independent corporate enterprises free from administrative affiliation.Enterprise cooperation exceeds the normal market transaction but does not reach the integration under certain economic system in order to share resources and pool risk, including frequent exchange of technology, capital, information and personnel. The main driving force of enterprise cooperation is to reduce production cost to gain the market competitiveness. Then according to the activities of the enterprises, enterprise cooperation is classified into different models such as research and development cooperation, manufacture cooperation, marketing cooperation (co-marketing) and capital cooperation. Some concrete enterprise cooperation models can still be extended from these four types of models. To the regional economic development, enterprise cooperation is like a two-edged sword, which can either quicken regional economic development or block regional economic development. Generally speaking, enterprise cooperation can bring advantages and disadvantages to the regional economic development. The advantages are as the following: expand regional market, construct regional innovation network, improve regional science and technology level, and collect regional development capital. The disadvantages are as the following: make the regional development depend on the outside too much, bring heavy energy consumption and induce pollution transfer, loss of regional market and band. It is deemed that cooperation is still an effective way to improve the enterprise's competitiveness in the near future.In the process of enterprise cooperation, we should bring into full play the advantages of enterprise cooperation while avoid its disadvantages.