汶川大地震后水坝建设中若干问题的思考

汶川大地震中水坝的安全成为社会各界极为关心的焦点。本文针对水坝建设如何应对大地震可能带来的巨大风险作了若干思考，提出了一些对策和建议。从地震科学的现实水平和水坝安全的极端重要性两个方面考虑，从战略层面上，在流域规划或水电专业规划中重视地震地质环境的研究，摒弃水坝梯级必需衔接，规避在一些有可能发生大震的河段上规划水利水电梯级是最有效的应对措施。从战术层面上则应十分重视一些敏感的地区，特别是那些历史地震级别较低而地质构造背景又不应轻视的地区。在工程地质勘察工作中，在强震区则应高度重视坝址及邻近地段岩体和山体在强震条件下的稳定性，对它的认识和可能采取的工程措施，要比大坝本身的抗震设防困难得多，而它对大坝的危害比大坝本身的地震破坏也许来得更为严重。

SUGGESTIONS FOR SOME ISSUES IN DAM CONSTRUCTION AFTER THE WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE

The safety of dams becomes one of the major issues concerned greatly by the general public and professional communities in the Wenchuan Earthquake.This paper proposes some polices and suggestions for how to response to the possible and potential great risks brought by strong earthquakes in dam construction.This issue should be considered from two aspects: one is the development level of earthquake sciences and the other is the extreme significance of dam safety.On one hand,the study of seismic geological en...