基于组件技术的GIS广义空间分析

地理信息系统只有充分结合空间分析才能满足各种决策支持需求。本文回顾了以往GIS与空间分析结合方式和特点,以及存在的制约因素,讨论了组件技术对GIS与空间分析结合的影响,认为采用组件技术将使得两者之间更易于结合,两个领域的研究者可以更为有效地进行分工合作,相互享有和利用对方的成果,从而在充分积累的基础上,最终将空间分析从GIS的应用层转变为其内核功能,实现两者之间的完全整合。

Component Technology based Integration Mode of Geographical Information System and Spatial Analysis

Only GIS fully integrates spatial analysis can it meet decision-making support requirements. Decision-making support is the soul of GIS software and the most important aim that should be achieved in the future.As traditional SA methods need GIS to provide spatial background to achieve more precise and detailed analysis, GIS and SA should work seamless in decision-making process.This paper reviews the evolution of the integration of GIS and spatial analysis in the past century, and points out the fact that although GIS technology is widely used yet it seems to incorporate only a portion of the tools found in spatial analysis. Spatial analysis can be accused of overly simplistic approaches that severely limit its practical utility. This paper suggests that discarding myopic views and meeting upon a common ground of increased knowledge of modern computing concepts and techniques, including object-orientation, can prove extremely fruitful to both sides.Meanwhile, this paper analyses the technical reasons that hindered the integration of GIS and SA. First, no unified spatial data access method makes SA models lack flexibility and hard to be deployed of GIS software; second, GIS technology has been very conservative and the work of researchers in spatial analysis has often been hampered by the myopic constraints imposed by the use of overly simple computational approaches.It is certainly time for us to make more efforts to the integration of GIS and SA.The adventure of component technology has made it more convenient than ever to do such a job. With this technology adopted, researchers in both GIS and spatial analysis fields can cooperate efficiently and easily benefit from each other's work. This paper gives an in-depth discussion of the impact of component technology on the integration of GIS and SA,and concludes that turning spatial analysis from application level to built-in function will be a future trend for GIS development, and component technology will provide successful solutions to enhance the integration and interaction between GIS and SA models, and thus finally contribute to the implementation of a fully integrated GIS and SA system.