Snow pack in the Swiss Alps under changing climatic conditions: an empirical approach for climate impacts studies |
| |
Authors: | M Beniston F Keller S Goyette |
| |
Institution: | (1) Department of Geosciences, University of Fribourg, Switzerland, CH |
| |
Abstract: | Summary ?In many instances, snow cover and duration are a major controlling factor on a range of environmental systems in mountain
regions. When assessing the impacts of climatic change on mountain ecosystems and river basins whose origin lie in the Alps,
one of the key controls on such systems will reside in changes in snow amount and duration. At present, regional climate models
or statistical downscaling techniques, which are the principal methods applied to the derivation of climatic variables in
a future, changing climate, do not provide adequate information at the scales required for investigations in which snow is
playing a major role. A study has thus been undertaken on the behavior of snow in the Swiss Alps, in particular the duration
of the seasonal snow-pack, on the basis of observational data from a number of Swiss climatological stations. It is seen that
there is a distinct link between snow-cover duration and height (i.e., temperature), and that this link has a specific “signature”
according to the type of winter. Milder winters are associated with higher precipitation levels than colder winters, but with
more solid precipitation at elevations exceeding 1,700–2,000 m above sea-level, and more liquid precipitation below. These
results can be combined within a single diagram, linking winter minimum temperature, winter precipitation, and snow-cover
duration. The resulting contour surfaces can then be used to assess the manner in which the length of the snow-season may
change according to specified shifts in temperature and precipitation. While the technique is clearly empirical, it can be
combined with regional climate model information to provide a useful estimate of the length of the snow season with snow cover,
for various climate-impacts studies.
Received May 14, 2002; revised August 12, 2002; accepted August 17, 2002 |
| |
Keywords: | |
本文献已被 SpringerLink 等数据库收录! |
|