喀斯特石漠化小生境对大型土壤动物群落结构的影响

对花江流域喀斯特地区小生境(土面、石槽、石沟)的土壤动物进行了研究。结果表明:喀斯特石漠化地区小生境共捕获大型土壤动物平均为276.7只,分别隶属3门7纲24类。其中，优势类群蚂蚁占总数的56.75%。 土面生境土壤动物的多样性指数为1.199,石沟的为1.592,石槽的为1.962; 均匀性指数为0.616,石沟的为0.989,石槽的为1.095; 土面生境土壤动物的优势度为0.545,石沟的为0.353,石槽的为0.245。利用统计软件SPSS13.0进行相关分析，结果说明不同小生境和土层对土壤动物个体数量和类群数影响均不显著，组间的均方差（F值）分别为0.834和1.226,但小生境对土壤动物的生物量有显著的影响，F值为3.844。三种小生境中，石沟生境比较有利于土壤动物生存。 

Influence of microhabitat to community structure of soil macrofauna in karst rocky desertification

Soil macrofauna under microhabitat (soil surface, stone pit, stone gully) in karst region of Huajiang river valley is studied, and community structure of soil animal, spatial distribution and biomass are used in order to prove the microhabitat impact to soil animal in the paper. The results show that there are 276.7 soil macrofauna that belong to 3 phylums, 7 classes, 24 species under microhabitat in limestone in southwest Guizhou being discovered. The predominant group of ants accounts for the total of 56.75%. Diversity of soil surface, stone gully and stone pit is 1.199, 1.592 and 1.962; evenness index of soil surface, stone gully and stone pit is 0.616, 0.989 and 1.095; dominance of soil surface, stone gully and stone pit is 0.545, 0.353 and 0.245 in soil macrofauna community structure. Correlation analysis with spss13.0 shows that there is no remarkable influence to individual number and group number by different microhabitat and soil layer with F-value being 0.834 and 1.226 respectively, but remarkable influence to the soil animal biomass by microhabitat with F-value being 3.844. In three kinds of microhabitats, stone gully is advantageous to soil animal survival. The harsh microhabitat and sole species lead to the weaken of soil animal biomass and community.