国外空域资源开发利用的理论基础、方法论变革与实践

空中交通流量的持续增长引发充分开发利用空域资源的理论建设和方法论研究及其应用实践,旨在突破原有的空域结构及其扇区边界的限制。在过去的10年里航线结构及其需求有了显著变化,仍保持相对固定的几何扇区形态面临新的挑战,需要重新设计动态空域功能分区。首先分析了当前空域资源开发利用的理论基础,包括新一代航空运输体系,灵活空域使用,平衡扇区等;然后评价了方法论的变革,总结了从动态空域配置(DAC)到动态空域功能分区(DAS)的转变,以及动态空域功能分区的2D-DAS常用方法向3D-DAS新方法的演进,并讨论了"基于个体模型"(ABM)的局限性和"改进的基于个体模型"(i ABM)的应用优势;最后展望了地理学空间研究向空域拓展的前景。

The Theoretical Sources,Innovation of Methodologies and Practice of the Exploitation and Utilization of Airspace in Western Countries

The continuing air traffic growth causes the full development and utilization of theoretical construction, methodology research and application practice in airspace, which aims at changing the fixed airspace structure and sector boundaries. The geometry of sectors has stayed relatively constant despite the fact that route structures and demand have changed dramatically over the past decade. Only the dynamic airspace sectorization can accommodate the traffic demands. This paper first analyzes the current theoretical sources of the airspace development and utilization, which includes next generation air transportation system, flexible use of airspace and balanced sector. Second, this paper evaluates changes of methodology and also summaries the transfer from Dynamic Airspace Configuration (DAC) to Dynamic Airspace Sectorization (DAS), 2D-DAS methods to 3D-DAS methods in Dynamic Airspace Sectorization. Then, the paper identifies drawbacks in Agent Based Model (ABM) and proposes improved Agent Based Model (iABM). Finally based on change of airspace utilization, the future expanding of research of geography to airspace is proposed.