1970—2019年广州市气候舒适度特征分析

【目的】为提升旅客在广州旅游时的舒适体验，并为当地旅游资源产业发展提供参考。【方法】利用广州市5个国家级气象站的常规气象资料计算温湿指数（THI）、风效指数（K）、穿衣指数（ICL）和综合舒适度评价指数（CCI）。揭示广州气候舒适度区域性等级差异、多时间尺度变化和全年舒适期时段的特征。【结果】 从温湿指数（THI）、风效指数（K）和穿衣指数（ICL）来看，广州市北部地区较南部地区的舒适感更高，极闷热持续时间更短，天气转凉的节奏更快；上述3个指数的四季均值年际变化表明广州市有偏热的趋势。综合气候舒适度评级指数分析表明，广州市的春、夏、秋3个季节的舒适度有转差趋势，冬季的舒适度有提升趋势；另外，广州市属于冬适型城市，冬季无寒冷，以舒适到较舒适为主，夏天闷热很不舒适，春秋为过渡季节较舒适。【结论】 广州气候舒适具体时段为10月上旬—5月上旬，舒适至较舒适日数年平均可达205.66 d，且广州市北部地区较南部地区气候舒适时段更长。

Analysis of Climate Comfort Characteristics in Guangzhou from 1970 to 2019

The aim of this study is to enhance the comfort of tourists’ visiting Guangzhou and provide valuable insights for the development of the local tourism resource industry. Using conventional meteorological data from five national meteorological stations in Guangzhou, calculate the temperature-humidity Index (THI), wind effect index (K), index of cloth loading (ICL), and comprehensive comfort index (CCI), revealing regional differences in climate comfort levels in Guangzhou, as well as the characteristics of temporal variations and comfortable periods throughout the year. The results show that from the temperature and humidity index (THI), wind effect index (K) and index of cloth loading (ICL), the northern area of Guangzhou has higher comfort, shorter duration of extreme stuffiness, and faster rhythm of cooling weather than the southern area. The inter-annual variation of the four-season means of the above three indices indicates that Guangzhou has a tendency to be hot. According to the analysis of the comprehensive climate comfort rating index, the comfort of spring, summer and autumn in Guangzhou is in a worsening trend, but that of winter is increasing. In addition, Guangzhou is a winter suitable city, and it is not cold in winter, being comfortable to more comfortable. In summer, however, it is very uncomfortable, while spring and autumn is the transition seasons, being comfortable relatively. The climate comfort specific time period is from early October to early May, with comfortable to more comfortable days reaching 205.66 days per year on average. The northern part of Guangzhou enjoys a longer climate comfort period than the southern part.