斑纹小贻贝的营养成分分析与评价

外来物种是一把“双刃剑”，对本土生态环境和社会经济产生重要影响，准确评估外来物种的营养价值是发挥其经济效益的重要环节。作为近年来侵入我国东南沿海的外来物种，斑纹小贻贝（Mytella strigata）一方面威胁着本地种翡翠股贻贝的生存，另一方面在海南、福建等地区已作为海产品被售卖和食用。在此背景下，本研究依据国家食品安全检测相关标准，对斑纹小贻贝软体部常规营养指标进行测定，分析与评估斑纹小贻贝的营养价值。结果显示：斑纹小贻贝软体部水分、灰分、粗蛋白和粗脂肪的含量（湿重）分别占83.20%、2.00%、12.09%和0.60%；共检测出16种氨基酸，占粗蛋白总量的84.53%，其中7种为必需氨基酸，占氨基酸总量的35.23%，必需氨基酸指数EAAI评分为76.24分，第一限制性氨基酸是半胱氨酸+蛋氨酸；检测出18种脂肪酸，包括7种饱和脂肪酸，占43.71%,4种单不饱和脂肪酸，占11.05%,7种多不饱和脂肪酸，占45.27%,DHA和EPA分别为脂肪酸总量的19.85%和13.32%；矿质元素种类丰富，钙、铁、锌、锰等微量元素含量高。研究表明，斑纹小贻贝软体部氨基酸比例符合FAO/W...

Analysis and evaluation of the nutrient content of Mytella strigata

Alien species are a "double-edged sword", which has a significant impact on the local ecological environment and social economy. The accurate evaluation of the nutritional value of alien species is an important segment to exert its economic benefits. Mytella strigata is an alien species that has invaded the southeast coast of China in recent years. On the one hand, it threatens the survival of the local species such as Perna viridis, and on the other hand, it has been sold and eaten as a seafood in Hainan, Fujian, and other areas. In this context, we determined the routine nutritional indicators of the soft parts to analyze and evaluate the nutritional value of M. strigata according to the relevant national food safety testing standards. The results showed that the content of moisture, ash, crude protein, and crude fat (wet weight) in the soft parts of M. strigata accounted for 83.20%, 2.00%, 12.09% and 0.60%, respectively. A total of 16 amino acids were detected, accounting for 84.53% of the total crude protein. Among them, there are 7 essential amino acids, accounting for 35.23% of the total amino acids. The EAAI score was 76.24 and the first limiting amino acid was cysteine + methionine. There were 18 kinds of fatty acids detected, including 7 kinds of SFAs (43.71%), 4 kinds of MUFAs (11.05%), and 7 kinds of PUFAs (45.27%). The content of DHA and EPA accounted for 19.85% and 13.32% of the total fatty acid, respectively. The soft parts of M. strigata are rich in mineral elements, and the contents of trace elements such as Ca, Fe, Zn and Mn are high. The results showed that the amino acid ratio of M. strigata was consistent with the ideal protein pattern of FAO/WHO. M. strigata has the potential to become a high-quality health food because of its high protein nutritional value, high UFA content, and rich mineral element content.