Major advances in studies of the physical geography and living environment of China during the past 70 years and future prospects |
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Authors: | Chen Fahu Fu Bojie Xia Jun Wu Duo Wu Shaohong Zhang Yili Sun Hang Liu Yu Fang Xiaomin Qin Boqiang Li Xin Zhang Tingjun Liu Baoyuan Dong Zhibao Hou Shugui Tian Lide Xu Baiqing Dong Guanghui Zheng Jingyun Yang Wei Wang Xin Li Zaijun Wang Fei Hu Zhenbo Wang Jie Liu Jianbao Chen Jianhui Huang Wei Hou Juzhi Cai Qiufang Long Hao Jiang Ming Hu Yaxian Feng Xiaoming Mo Xingguo Yang Xiaoyan Zhang Dongju Wang Xiuhong Yin Yunhe Liu Xiaochen |
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Institution: | 1.Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100010, China ;2.Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems (Ministry of Education), College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China ;3.Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China ;4.Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China ;5.State Key Lab of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China ;6.Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China ;7.Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China ;8.The State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an, 710061, China ;9.Key Laboratory of Continental Collision and Plateau Uplift, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China ;10.State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China ;11.Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100010, China ;12.State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China ;13.School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, 710119, China ;14.School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China ;15.Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China ;16.Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China ;17.Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130012, China ;18.State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China ;19.Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China ;20.Water Resources Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China ;21.Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an, 710061, China ; |
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Abstract: | The natural environment provides material essentials for human survival and development. The characteristics,processes, regional differentiation and forcing mechanisms of the elements of the natural environment(e.g. geomorphology,climate, hydrology, soil, etc.) are the main objects of research in physical geography. China has a complex natural environment and huge regional differentiation and therefore it provides outstanding reserach opportunities in physical geography. This review summarizes the most important developments and the main contributions of research in the physical geography and human living environment in China during the past 70 years. The major topics addressed are the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau and the evolution of its cryosphere, the development of fluvial systems, the acidification of the vast arid region of the Asian interior, variations in the monsoon and westerly climate systems on multiple timescales, the development of lakes and wetlands, the watershed system model, soil erosion, past human-environment interactions, biogeography, and physical geographic zonality. After briefly introducing international research developments, we review the history of research in physical geography in China, focusing on the major achievements and major academic debates, and finally we summarize the status of current research and the future prospects. We propose that in the context of the national demand for the construction of an ecological civilization, we should make full use of the research findings of physical geography, and determine the patterns and mechanisms of natural environmental processes in order to continue to promote the continued contribution of physical geography to national development strategies, and to further contribute to the theory of physical geography from a global perspective. |
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